{"id":16,"date":"2022-04-05T17:55:36","date_gmt":"2022-04-05T09:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=16"},"modified":"2023-12-05T15:03:34","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T07:03:34","slug":"linux%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=16","title":{"rendered":"Linux-\u76ee\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u547d\u4ee4\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/bin –> \/usr\/bin\uff1a\u662fBinaries(\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u6700\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4,\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
\n\/sbin –>\/usr\/sbin\uff1a\u662f Superuser Binaries (\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6) \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662froot\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c \u5f53\u7136\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/home\uff1a\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\/home\/\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u540c\u540d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002
\n\/root\uff1a\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4f5c\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u8005\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u666e\u901a\u6ca1\u8d44\u683c\u8fdb\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\u914d\u7f6e: \u6307\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53c2\u6570: \u6280\u672f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d,\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u79f0\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\/etcL\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u542f\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/boot\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cgrub\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u6551\u63f4\u5185\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u76ee\u5f55,\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f \u952e\u76d8, \u5149\u76d8, \u78c1\u76d8, \u7ec8\u7aef\u3002
\n\/dev\uff1a\u662f Device(\u8bbe\u5907)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c
\n\/dev\/null\uff1a\u9ed1\u6d1e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002
\n\/dev\/random\uff1a\u4ea7\u751f\u968f\u673a\u6570<\/p>\n

\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/tmp\uff1a\u662f temporary(\u4e34\u65f6)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8c01\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u79fb\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u53d8\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\u53ef\u53d8\uff1a\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c(\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e,\u8bb0\u5f55)\u800c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\n\/var\uff1a\u662f variable(\u53d8\u91cf)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u76ee\u5f55
\n\/var\/log\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/proc\uff1a\u662f Processes(\u8fdb\u7a0b)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\/proc \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4e5f\u5373\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5c4f\u853d\u4e3b\u673a\u7684ping\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u522b\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5ping\u4f60\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff1a
\necho 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/icmp_echo_ignore_all<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/usr\uff1a\u662f unix shared resources(\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90) \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u548cwindows\u4e2d\u7684 c:\\program files \u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u3002
\n\/usr\/lib\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6,\u5171\u4eab\u3002
\n\/usr\/bin\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\n\/usr\/local\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u81ea\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\n\/usr\/src\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u653e\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6302\u8f7d<\/h2>\n

\/mnt\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u4e34\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u522b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5149\u9a71\u6302\u8f7d\u5728 \/mnt\/ \u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5149\u9a71\u91cc\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n

\/etc\/rc.local\uff1a\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u811a\u672c\/etc\/rc.local\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u652f\u6301\uff0c\/etc\/rc.local\u662f\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local\u7684\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n

ll -d \/etc\/rc.local
\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Apr 25 2021 \/etc\/rc.local -> rc.d\/rc.local
\nchmod +x \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55<\/h1>\n

\/usr\/bin<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/include<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b C \u548c C++ \u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/lib<\/strong>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0\/usr\/lib64<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/local<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7528\u6237\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/sbin<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/share<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u3001\u56fe\u6807\u3001\u684c\u9762\u80cc\u666f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\/usr\/src<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b Linux \u5185\u6838\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/cache<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/lib<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/lock<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u9501\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u534f\u8c03\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/log<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/opt<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/run<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982 PID \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/spool<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u6253\u5370\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u961f\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\/var\/tmp<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u957f\u671f\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u547d\u4ee4\u76ee\u5f55 \/bin –> \/usr\/bin\uff1a\u662fBinaries(\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u547d\u4ee4 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1280,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16\/revisions\/1280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}