{"id":315,"date":"2022-05-24T12:03:44","date_gmt":"2022-05-24T04:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=315"},"modified":"2022-08-02T13:37:53","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T05:37:53","slug":"linux-%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=315","title":{"rendered":"Linux-\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7528\u6237<\/h1>\n

\u7528\u6237\u6307\u7684\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u767b\u5f55Linux\u6216windows\u7cfb\u7edf
\n\u90a3Linux\u4e0ewindows\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f
\n\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7Linux\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u767b\u5f55\uff0cwindows\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u7ec4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7684<\/p>\n

2.Linux\u4e0b\u7528\u6237\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528<\/h1>\n

1.\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f)\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c
\n2.\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u53d7\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9650\u5236
\n3.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4f55\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55, \u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6709\u5173<\/p>\n

3.Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u79cd\u7528\u6237<\/h1>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff1a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237 root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u552f\u4e00\uff0cUID\u662f0 \uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539UID\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u6cd5\u5f88\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4e0d\u63d0\u5021\uff09
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\uff1a\u662f\u865a\u62df\u7528\u6237 \u865a\u62df\u7528\u6237\u7684UID\u662f1~499 \u865a\u62df\u7528\u6237\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237 \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7528\u6237\u662f\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u767b\u9646\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6743\u9650\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u7684UID CentOS6\u4e3a500\u8d77 CentOS7\u4e3a1000\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u540cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5982Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5b83\u540c\u540d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u3002
\n\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6d89\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u7ec4\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u5bf9\/etc\/group\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0
\n\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7-g\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7ec4(\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u540c\u540d)
\n\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u6388\u6743\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u8be5\u7ec4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4<\/p>\n

5.\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u7ec4\u7528\u6237<\/h1>\n

useradd\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-u\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7684UID,\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u51b2\u7a81\r\n-g\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec4\r\n-G\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4,\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\r\n-d\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-s\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7684bash shell\r\n-c\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-M\uff1a\u7ed9\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-r\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u6237\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65e0\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-l\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u9646\u540d\r\n-e\uff1a\u5e10\u53f7\u7ec8\u6b62\u65e5\u671f\u3002\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a MM\/DD\/YY\r\n-f\uff1a\u5e10\u53f7\u8fc7\u671f\u51e0\u65e5\u540e\u6c38\u4e45\u505c\u6743\u3002\u5f53\u503c\u4e3a0\u65f6\u5e10\u53f7\u5219\u7acb\u523b\u88ab\u505c\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u503c\u4e3a -1\u65f6\u5219\u5173\u95ed\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9884\u8bbe\u503c\u4e3a -1\r\n-n\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u503c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7fa4\u7ec4\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u540d\u79f0\u4f1a\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u6b64\u9884\u8bbe\u503c<\/pre>\n
userdel\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-r\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u5b83\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n<\/pre>\n
usermod\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-u\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684UID\r\n-g\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\r\n-G\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4, \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\r\n-d\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-s\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684bash shell\r\n-c\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-l\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u9646\u540d\r\n-L\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff08\u9501\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e10\u53f7. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u524d,\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801.\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u914d\u5408-p\u6216-U\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\r\n-U\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u89e3\u9501\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff08\u89e3\u9501\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e10\u53f7.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801\u524d\u53d6\u6d88\u611f\u53f9\u53f7,\u6062\u590d\u5e10\u53f7\u767b\u5f55.\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u914d\u5408-p\u6216-L\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\r\n<\/pre>\n
groupadd\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7fa4\u7ec4
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-g\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7ec4id\r\n-o\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u4e0e-g\u9009\u9879\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684GID\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684GID\u76f8\u540c<\/pre>\n
groupdel\u5220\u9664\u7ec4
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
groupmems\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u7ec4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6210\u5458
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-a\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5217\u8868\r\n-d\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ece\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\r\n-g\uff1a\u7ec4\u00a0 \u540d\u00a0 \u00a0 \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5217\u8868\r\n-l -g\uff1a\u7ec4\u540d\u00a0 \u00a0\u5217\u51fa\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\r\n-p -g\uff1a\u7ec4\u540d\u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237<\/pre>\n
groupmod\u4fee\u6539\u7fa4\u7ec4
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-g GID\uff1a\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec4\u6807\u8bc6\u53f7\u3002\r\n-o \u4e0e-g\uff1a\u9009\u9879\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u65b0GID\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684GID\u76f8\u540c\u3002\r\n-n\uff1a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 \u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6539\u4e3a\u65b0\u540d\u5b57<\/pre>\n
groups\u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ec4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7ec4
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# groupadd -g 666 dmxsp \uff08-g\u53ef\u586b\u53ef\u4e0d\u586b\uff09\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# groupadd dmxspl\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9aID\u503c\u65f6\u5c3d\u91cf\u8981\u5927\u4e8e500\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aLinux\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e00\u822c0\u5230499\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u503c\u7559\u7ed9bin\u3001mail\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# useradd dm -u 1234 -g dmxsp -G dmxspl -c cs\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id dm\r\nuid=1234(dm) gid=666(dmxsp) groups=666(dmxsp),1000(dmxspl)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# useradd zq -r -M -s \/sbin\/nologin\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id zq\r\nuid=995(zq) gid=665(zq) groups=665(zq)<\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff08\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\uff09<\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# useradd dmxsp -s \/bin\/bash\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id dmxsp \r\nuid=1001(dmxsp) gid=1001(dmxsp) groups=1001(dmxsp)\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539 dm\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f, \u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55, \u767b\u5f55shell, \u767b\u5f55\u540d
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# tail -2 \/etc\/passwd\r\ndm:x:1234:666:cs:\/home\/dm:\/bin\/bash\r\nzq:x:995:665::\/home\/zq:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# usermod dm -c \"dmxspcs\" -s \/sbin\/nologin -d \/tmp\/dm -l qq\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# tail -2 \/etc\/passwd\r\nzq:x:995:665::\/home\/zq:\/sbin\/nologin\r\nqq:x:1234:666:dmxspcs:\/tmp\/dm:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id qq\r\nuid=1234(qq) gid=666(dmxsp) groups=666(dmxsp),1000(dmxspl)<\/pre>\n
\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd\r\nqq:x:1234:666:dmxspcs:\/tmp\/dm:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# userdel qq\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/passwd\r\nzq:x:995:665::\/home\/zq:\/sbin\/nologin<\/pre>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# userdel -r dm\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u7ec4
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# id qq\r\nuid=1234(qq) gid=666(dmxsp) groups=666(dmxsp),1000(dmxspl)\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# groupmod dmxsp -n z\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# groupmod dmxspl -n x\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id qq\r\nuid=1234(qq) gid=666(z) groups=666(z),1000(x)\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# groupmod -g 4321 z\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# id qq\r\nuid=1234(qq) gid=4321(z) groups=4321(z),1000(x)<\/pre>\n
6.\u76f8\u5173\u76ee\u5f55<\/h1>\n
\/etc\/passwd\uff1a\u4f7f \u7528 \u8005 \u5e10 \u53f7 \u8d44 \u8baf\r\n\/etc\/shadow\uff1a\u4f7f \u7528 \u8005 \u5e10 \u53f7 \u8d44 \u8baf \u52a0 \u5bc6\r\n\/etc\/group\uff1a\u7fa4 \u7ec4 \u8d44 \u8baf\r\n\/etc\/default\/useradd\uff1a\u5b9a \u4e49 \u8d44 \u8baf\r\n\/etc\/login.defs\uff1a\u7cfb \u7edf \u5e7f \u4e49 \u8bbe \u5b9a\r\n\/etc\/skel\uff1a\u5185 \u542b \u5b9a \u4e49 \u6863 \u7684 \u76ee \u5f55<\/pre>\n
\/etc\/passwd\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# cat \/etc\/passwd\r\nroot:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash\r\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\r\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801; x --> \u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1--> \/etc\/shadow\r\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684UID\r\n\u7b2c\u56db\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684GID\r\n\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\r\n\u7b2c\u516d\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\r\n\u7b2c\u4e03\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55Shell; \/bin\/bash -->\u6b63\u5e38\u767b\u5f55 \/sbin\/nologin \u7981\u6b62\u767b\u5f55\r\n<\/pre>\n
\/etc\/shadow\u5bc6\u7801\u4fe1\u606f
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# cat \/etc\/shadow\r\nroot:$6$hwo99RlkqzsfnUPo$1coB8NYDZAA9eu3PuXn7SbxA7RTZG3OYIRdMcCexW09hvKVc8VwgZ4FFHLvB8bMQQstxO\/lc2g6yJ57KXDp85\/\r\n::0:99999:7:::\r\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\r\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801;(\u4e00\u4e32\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32; ( * !! \u6ca1\u6709\u5bc6\u7801; ) )\r\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217: \u7528\u6237\u4ece1970-18701 \u8fc7\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u5929; \u5e74\r\n\u7b2c\u56db\u5217: \u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5929\u6570; 0 \u4e0d\u9650\u5236\r\n\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217: \u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5929\u6570; 99999 \u4e0d\u9650\u5236\r\n\u7b2c\u516d\u5217: \u5bc6\u7801\u5230\u671f\u524d7\u5929\u8b66\u544a\r\n\u7b2c\u4e03\u5217: \u5bc6\u7801\u5230\u671f\u540e\u4e24\u5929,\u5f3a\u5236\u8ba9\u4f60\u66f4\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801; ( \u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801;\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d6\u6d88; )\r\n<\/pre>\n
\/etc\/group\u7ec4\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# cat \/etc\/group\r\nroot:x:0:\r\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\uff1a\u7ec4\u540d\r\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\r\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\uff1a\u7ec4ID<\/pre>\n
7.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/h1>\n
\u4f7f\u7528passwd\u547d\u540d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0
\n\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458
\n1.\u968f\u610f\u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7684\u5bc6\u7801
\n2.\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f<\/p>\n
\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c
\n1.\u4ec5\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801,\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba
\n2.\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db38\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/p>\n
passwd
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-k\uff1a\u4fdd\u6301\u672a\u8fc7\u671f\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\r\n-l\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u8d26\u53f7\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eusermod -L\uff0c\u53ea\u6709root\u624d\u6709\u6743\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9879\u3002\r\n-u\uff1a\u6062\u590d\u8d26\u53f7\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eusermod -U\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ea\u6709root\u624d\u6709\u6743\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\r\n-g\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u7ec4\u5bc6\u7801\u3002gpasswd\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\r\n-f\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u7531finger\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\r\n-d\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd, \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u767b\u5165\u65f6\u5c06\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801, \u53ea\u6709\u5177\u5907 root \u6743\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u65b9\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528.\r\n-S\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u79cd\u7c7b, \u53ea\u6709\u5177\u5907 root \u6743\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u65b9\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528.<\/pre>\n
\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# passwd zz\r\nChanging password for user zz.\r\nNew password:\r\nBAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome\r\nRetype new password:\r\npasswd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f<\/h2>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# echo \"2\" | passwd --stdin zz\r\nChanging password for user zz.\r\npasswd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.<\/pre>\n
\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5bc6\u7801
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n
-l\uff1a(\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5b9a\u4e49, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 9)\r\n-d\uff1a(\u6570\u5b57\u4e2a\u6570, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 2)\r\n-c\uff1a(\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 2)\r\n-C\uff1a(\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 2)\r\n-s\uff1a(\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 1)\r\n-v\uff1a(\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u3002\u3002)\r\n-p\uff1a(\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f passwd)<\/pre>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# yum install -y expect\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# mkpasswd -l 10 -d 3 -c 3 -C 3 -s 1\r\nX>5qNSx41q\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# mkpasswd -l 10 -d 3 -c 3 -C 3 -s 1\r\nF!Gsu52n4D\r\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=315"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":763,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions\/763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}