{"id":324,"date":"2022-05-25T16:55:04","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T08:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=324"},"modified":"2022-08-02T13:38:08","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T05:38:08","slug":"linux-%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=324","title":{"rendered":"Linux-\u6743\u9650"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<h1>1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6743\u9650<\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u6743\u9650\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7ea6\u675f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u505a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u662f\u6307\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1>2.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aroot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6743\u9650\u3002<em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1>3.<strong>\u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<br \/>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5c5e\u4e3b(owner)\u3001\u5c5e\u7ec4(group)\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba(others)<br \/>\u800c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u53c8\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e09\u79cd\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u53ef\u8bfb(readable)\u3001\u53ef\u5199(writable)\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c(excutable)<br \/>Owner\u8eab\u4efd\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005<br \/>Group\u8eab\u4efd\uff1a\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237<br \/>Others\u8eab\u4efd\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7ec4<br \/>Root\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u7740\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b:<br \/>1.\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5219\u6309\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee<br \/>2.\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5219\u6309\u7ec4\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee<br \/>3.\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u6309\u533f\u540d\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1>4.\u6743\u9650\u4e2d\u7684 rwx \u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49<\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2>drwxr-xr-x<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u5b57\u6bcd<\/td>\r\n<td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\r\n<td>\u5bf9\u5e94\u6743\u9650<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>r(read)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6743\u9650<\/td>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>w(write)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u5199\u5165\u6743\u9650<\/td>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>x(execute)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>-(\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/td>\r\n<td>0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3>\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff08r\uff09<\/h3>\r\n<p>1.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<br \/>2.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<br \/>3.\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u770b\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4cat\u3001head\u3001tail\u3001less\u3001more<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3>\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff08w\uff09<\/h3>\r\n<p>1.\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u201c\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\/\u590d\u5236\u5230\/\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u201d\u6587\u6863<br \/>2.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5199\u6743\u9650\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528vim\u7f16\u8f91\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u6743\u9650\u62d2\u7edd, \u4f46\u53ef\u5f3a\u5236\u4fdd\u5b58,\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<br \/>3.\u4f7f\u7528echo\u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f80\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e,&gt;&gt;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2>\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff08x\uff09<\/h2>\r\n<p>1.\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>2.\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d4f\u89c8\u3001\u590d\u5236\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5220\u9664<br \/>3.\u5982\u679c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6,\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408r\u6743\u9650<\/p>\r\n<p>\u5341\u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u542b\u4e49<br \/>\u7b2c1\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6587\u6863\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u201cd\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u201d\u3001\u201c-\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3001\u201cl\u8868\u793a\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\u3001\u201cs\u8868\u793a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u201d\u7b49\u7b49<br \/>\u7b2c2-4\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6587\u6863\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7b2c2\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709r\u3001-\uff1b\u7b2c3\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u5199\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cw\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\uff0c-\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u7b2c4\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709x\u3001-\u3002<br \/>\u7b2c5-7\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7b2c5\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709r\u3001-\uff1b\u7b2c6\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u5199\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cw\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\uff0c-\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u7b2c7\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709x\u3001-\u3002<br \/>\u7b2c8-10\u4f4d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u524d2\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7b2c8\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709r\u3001-\uff1b\u7b2c9\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u5199\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cw\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\uff0c-\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u7b2c10\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u6709x\u3001-\u3002<\/p>\r\n<h2><strong>Linux\u6743\u9650\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<br \/><\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6r\u6743\u9650, \u53ea\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u770b,\u65e0\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c<br \/>\u6587\u4ef6rw\u6743\u9650, \u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<br \/>\u6587\u4ef6rx\u6743\u9650, \u5141\u8bb8\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<br \/>\u6587\u4ef6rwx\u6743\u9650, \u80fd\u8bfb,\u80fd\u5199,\u80fd\u6267\u884c,\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5220\u9664,\u56e0\u4e3a\u5220\u9664\u9700\u8981\u770b\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6709\u6ca1\u6709w<br \/>\u76ee\u5f55rx\u6743\u9650, \u5141\u8bb8\u6d4f\u89c8\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55, \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\u76ee\u5f55rw\u6743\u9650, \u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u80fd\u5f80\u76ee\u5f55\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 x \u6743\u9650\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ed9\u4e88\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 w \u6743\u9650\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ed9\u4e88<br \/>\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f644\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f755<\/p>\r\n<h1>5.\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/h1>\r\n<h2><strong>chmod: \u53d8\u66f4\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<pre>-R\uff1a\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u6539\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>-f\uff1a\u53bb\u9664\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>-v\uff1a\u4e3a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u8bca\u65ad\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\r\n<h3>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u50cf<\/h3>\r\n<pre>u\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6743\u9650<br \/>g\uff1a\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<br \/>o\uff1a\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<br \/>a\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u79cd\uff09<\/pre>\r\n<h3>\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u5b9a<\/h3>\r\n<pre>+\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u6743\u9650<br \/>-\uff1a\u53d6\u6d88\u6743\u9650<br \/>=\uff1a\u552f\u4e00\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650<\/pre>\r\n<h3>\u6743\u9650\u7c7b\u522b<\/h3>\r\n<pre>r \u8bfb\u6743\u9650<br \/>w \u5199\u6743\u9650<br \/>x \u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<br \/>X \u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u662f\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002<br \/>s \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u7ec4id<br \/>i \u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u9501\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee<\/pre>\r\n<h3><strong>\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650<br \/><\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<h4><strong>1.ugo<\/strong><br \/><br \/><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# touch dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod a=rwx dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u53d6\u6d88\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod a=-rwx dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>---------- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u5c5e\u4e3b\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u65e0\u6743\u9650<br \/><\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>---------- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod u=rwx,g=rw,o=- dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>-rwxrw---- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u5c5e\u4e3b\u5c5e\u7ec4\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<br \/><\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>-rwxrw---- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod ug=rwx,o=r dm<br \/>-rwxrwxr-- 1 root root 0 May 28 13:22 dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>2.number<\/strong><br \/><br \/><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# mkdir dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 May 28 13:51 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod 777 dm<br \/>[root@dmxsp ~]# ll<br \/>drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 6 May 28 13:51 dm<\/pre>\r\n<h4><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650<br \/><\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# chmod -R 777 dm\/<\/pre>\r\n<pre>chmod 777<br \/>chmod 666<br \/>chmod -R 644<\/pre>\r\n<h2><strong>chown: \u53d8\u66f4\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4<br \/><\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<pre>-R\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee<\/pre>\r\n<pre>chown -R dmxsp\uff1a\u4ec5\u53d8\u66f4\u5c5e\u4e3b<br \/>chown -R .dmxsp\uff1a\u4ec5\u53d8\u66f4\u5c5e\u7ec4<br \/>chown -R root.dmxsp\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u53d8\u66f4\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/pre>\r\n<h1>6.\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u6743<\/h1>\r\n<h2><strong>1.\u63d0\u6743\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e00\u6c38\u4e45\u63d0\u6743\u3001\u4e8c\u4e34\u65f6\u63d0\u6743<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3>\u6c38\u4e45\u63d0\u6743<\/h3>\r\n<p>su\uff1a\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528su\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165root\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e2d<\/p>\r\n<h3>\u4e34\u65f6\u63d0\u6743<\/h3>\r\n<p>sudo\uff1a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u56de\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884csudo\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bfb\u627e\/etc\/sudoers\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6267\u884csudo\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884csudo\u7684\u6743\u9650\u540e\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u82e5\u5bc6\u7801\u8f93\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884csudo\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\r\n<h3 data-pid=\"SVwp16oJ\">sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h3>\r\n<p data-pid=\"SVwp16oJ\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1auser MACHINE=COMMANDS<br \/>\u7528\u6237 \u767b\u5f55\u7684\u4e3b\u673a=\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\r\n<h2 data-pid=\"SVwp16oJ\"><strong>2.su\u548csu-\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p>su\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528root\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b<br \/>su -\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528root\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u8f6c\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b<\/p>\r\n<h3><strong>3.sudo\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u6743<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<h4>\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u63d0\u6743\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\r\n<p>[root@dmxsp ~]# sudo -l<br \/>Matching Defaults entries for root on dmxsp:<br \/>!visiblepw, always_set_home, match_group_by_gid, always_query_group_plugin, env_reset, env_keep=&#8221;COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE<br \/>KDEDIR LS_COLORS&#8221;, env_keep+=&#8221;MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE&#8221;, env_keep+=&#8221;LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION<br \/>LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES&#8221;, env_keep+=&#8221;LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE&#8221;, env_keep+=&#8221;LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE<br \/>LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY&#8221;, secure_path=\/sbin\\:\/bin\\:\/usr\/sbin\\:\/usr\/bin<\/p>\r\n<p>User root may run the following commands on dmxsp:<br \/>(ALL) ALL<\/p>\r\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u522b\u540d\u64cd\u4f5c,\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u53ea\u6709sudo\u8ba4\u53ef<\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# visudo #\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528vim \/etc\/sudoers\u6765\u914d\u7f6e<\/pre>\r\n<h4>1.\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u7ec4,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edfgroup\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\r\n<pre>User_Alias OPS = dm,all<br \/>User_Alias DEV = cc,oo<\/pre>\r\n<h4>2.\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec4,\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u8c03\u7528<\/h4>\r\n<pre>Cmnd_Alias NETWORKING = \/sbin\/ifconfig, \/bin\/ping<br \/>Cmnd_Alias SOFTWARE = \/bin\/rpm, \/usr\/bin\/yum<br \/>Cmnd_Alias SERVICES = \/sbin\/service, \/usr\/bin\/systemctl start<br \/>Cmnd_Alias STORAGE = \/bin\/mount, \/bin\/umount<br \/>Cmnd_Alias DELEGATING = \/bin\/chown, \/bin\/chmod, \/bin\/chgrp<br \/>Cmnd_Alias PROCESSES = \/bin\/nice, \/bin\/kill, \/usr\/bin\/kill, \/usr\/bin\/killall<br \/>Cmnd_Alias Grant = \/bin\/rm, \/bin\/ls<\/pre>\r\n<h4>3.\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u5f00\u59cb\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\r\n<pre>OPS ALL=(ALL) NETWORKING,SOFTWARE,SERVICES,STORAGE,DELEGATING,PROCESSES<br \/>DEV ALL=(ALL) SOFTWARE,PROCESSES<\/pre>\r\n<h4>4.\u68c0\u67e5sudo\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\r\n<pre>[root@dmxsp ~]# visudo -c <br \/>\/etc\/sudoers: parsed OK<\/pre>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=324"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":764,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324\/revisions\/764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}