{"id":461,"date":"2022-06-19T22:05:45","date_gmt":"2022-06-19T14:05:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=461"},"modified":"2022-08-02T13:42:20","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T05:42:20","slug":"linux-%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=461","title":{"rendered":"Linux-\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n

ping<\/strong><\/h2>\n

ping\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u7edc\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

-t\uff1a<\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503cTTL\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-c\uff1a-c <\u5b8c\u6210\u6b21\u6570> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u8981\u6c42\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u6b21\u6570\r\n-W\uff1a<timeout> \u5728\u7b49\u5f85 timeout \u79d2\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\r\n-f\uff1a\u6781\u901fping\r\n-i<\u95f4\u9694\u79d2\u6570>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6536\u53d1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\r\n-I<\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u9001\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5305\r\n-l<\u524d\u7f6e\u8f7d\u5165>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u9001\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u884c\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\r\n-n\uff1a\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u503c\r\n-p<\u8303\u672c\u6837\u5f0f>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u586b\u6ee1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8303\u672c\u6837\u5f0f\r\n-q\uff1a\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u9664\u5916\r\n-r\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u666e\u901a\u7684Routing Table\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u9001\u5230\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\r\n-R\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u7a0b\r\n-v\uff1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/pre>\n
ping\u4e00\u4e0bbaidu<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ping baidu.com\r\nPING baidu.com (220.181.38.251) 56(84) bytes of data<\/pre>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u95f4\u9694ping baidu\uff08ping 3\u6b21 \u95f4\u96943\u79d2\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ping -c 3 -i 3 baidu.com\r\nPING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.\r\n64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=17.5 ms\r\n64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=19.9 ms\r\n64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=22.1 ms\r\n\r\n\u2014 baidu.com ping statistics \u2014\r\n3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 6017ms\r\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 17.580\/19.897\/22.130\/1.865 ms<\/pre>\n
-i \u6307\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694,-c \u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u5171\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305,-I \u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u5730\u5740,-q\u6307\u5b9a\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ping -i 3 -c 10 -I 10.0.0.22 220.181.38.148 -q\r\nPING 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148) from 10.0.0.22 : 56(84) bytes of data.\r\n\r\n\u2014 220.181.38.148 ping statistics \u2014\r\n10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 27071ms\r\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 12.339\/14.931\/18.998\/2.404 ms<\/pre>\n
-i 3 \u53d1\u9001\u5468\u671f\u4e3a 3\u79d2 -s \u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d1\u9001\u5305\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a1024 -t \u8bbe\u7f6eTTL\u503c\u4e3a 255<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ping -i 3 -s 1111 -t 223 10.0.0.22<\/pre>\n
nc<\/strong><\/h2>\n
nc\u662fnetcat\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u7f8e\u8a89\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u77ed\u5c0f\u7cbe\u608d\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n
-g<\u7f51\u5173>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8dc3\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e8\u4e2a\r\n-G<\u6307\u5411\u5668\u6570\u76ee>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6765\u6e90\u8def\u7531\u6307\u5411\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u503c\u4e3a4\u7684\u500d\u6570\r\n-h\uff1a\u5728\u7ebf\u5e2e\u52a9\r\n-i<\u5ef6\u8fdf\u79d2\u6570>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f20\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u626b\u63cf\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3\r\n-n\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\r\n-o<\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u628a\u5f80\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ee516\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7801\u503e\u5012\u6210\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\r\n-p<\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3\r\n-r\uff1a\u4e71\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u672c\u5730\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3\r\n-s<\u6765\u6e90\u4f4d\u5740>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u9001\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\r\n-l\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9anc\u5c06\u5904\u4e8e\u4fa6\u542c\u6a21\u5f0f\r\n-u\uff1a\u6307\u5b9anc\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3aTCP\r\n-v\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4ea4\u4e92\u6216\u51fa\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u65b0\u624b\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u5c24\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\r\n-w\uff1a\u8d85\u65f6\u79d2\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u6570\u5b57\r\n-z\uff1a\u8868\u793azero\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u65f6\u4e0d\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e<\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# yum install nc -y<\/pre>\n
Chat Server\uff08\u804a\u5929\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u804a\u5929\u8ddf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u670d\u52a1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u6837\u548c\u6574\u5929\u5750\u5728\u9694\u58c1\u623f\u95f4\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6c9f\u901a\u90a3\uff1f\u4e0d\u8981\u90c1\u95f7\u4e86\uff0cnetcat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aChat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u4ed6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u4f60\u4e86<\/p>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09
\nnetcat \u547d\u4ee4\u57286666\u7aef\u53e3\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2atcp \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u90fd\u5728\u6b64shell\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a
\n<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# nc -l 6666<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09
\n\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u5728\u673a\u5668B\u4e0a\u952e\u5165\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u673a\u5668A\u4e0a
\n<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc 10.0.0.22 6666<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong><\/h3>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# nc -l 6666 < dmxsp.sh<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc -n 10.0.0.22 6666 > dmxsp.sh<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# nc -l 6666 > php.zip<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc 10.0.0.22 6666 < php.zip<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u4f20\u8f93\u76ee\u5f55\u538b\u7f29<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u5de5\u5177tar\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4eceA\u5230B<\/p>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# tar -cvf \u2013 dmxsp dmxsp.sh dm | nc -l 6666\r\ndmxsp\/\r\ndmxsp\/etc.tar.gz\r\ndmxsp\/dmxsp.gz\r\ndmxsp.sh\r\ndm\/<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc -n 10.0.0.22 6666 | tar -xvf \u2013\r\ndmxsp\/\r\ndmxsp\/etc.tar.gz\r\ndmxsp\/dmxsp.gz\r\ndmxsp.sh\r\ndm\/<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2ashell<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0bshell-\u4f7f\u7528telnet\u548cssh\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u5b89\u88c5\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528netcat\u521b\u5efa\u8fdc\u7a0bshell<\/p>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# nc -l 6666 -e \/bin\/bash<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc 10.0.0.22 6666<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u53cd\u5411shell<\/h3>\n
\u53cd\u5411shell\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u7684shell\u3002\u53cd\u5411shell\u8fd9\u6837\u547d\u540d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7531\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
server\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# nc -l 6666<\/pre>\n
Client\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@web02 ~]$ nc 10.0.0.22 6666 -e \/bin\/bash<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
telnet<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n
-8\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u75288\u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\r\n-a\uff1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5165\u8fdc\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\r\n-b<\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\r\n-c\uff1a\u4e0d\u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u4e13\u5c5e\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u7684.telnetrc\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-d\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u6392\u9519\u6a21\u5f0f\r\n-e<\u8131\u79bb\u5b57\u7b26>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8131\u79bb\u5b57\u7b26\r\n-E\uff1a\u6ee4\u9664\u8131\u79bb\u5b57\u7b26\r\n-f\uff1a\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u201d-F\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\r\n-F\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Kerberos V5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u628a\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\r\n-k<\u57df\u540d>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Kerberos\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u8ba9\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u91c7\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9886\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u57df\u540d\r\n-K\uff1a\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5165\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\r\n-l<\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u767b\u5165\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\r\n-L\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u8f93\u51fa8\u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u8d44\u6599\r\n-n<\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-r\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3crlogin\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\r\n-S<\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6etelnet\u8fde\u7ebf\u6240\u9700\u7684IP TOS\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-x\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3b\u673a\u6709\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\r\n-X<\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5f62\u6001>\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5f62\u6001<\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# yum install -y xinetd\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# yum install -y telnet*<\/pre>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# systemctl start xinetd.service\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# systemctl start telnet.socket<\/pre>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service<\/pre>\n
\u767b\u5f55\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[c:\\~]$ telnet 192.168.0.5<\/pre>\n
ss<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3cnetstat\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ecTCP\u3001UDP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n
-a\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\r\n-l\uff1a\u663e\u793aLISTEN\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fde\u63a5(\u8fde\u63a5\u6253\u5f00)\r\n-m\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f(\u7528\u4e8etcp_diag)\r\n-n\uff1a\u4e0d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\r\n-o\uff1a\u663e\u793aTcp \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668x\r\n-p\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-s\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u7edf\u8ba1\r\n-r\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\r\n-d\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a DCCP\u4fe1\u606f (\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -A dccp)\r\n-u\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793audp\u4fe1\u606f (\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -A udp)\r\n-w\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a RAW\u4fe1\u606f (\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -A raw)\r\n-t\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793atcp\u4fe1\u606f (\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -A tcp)\r\n-x\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793aUnix\u901a\u8baf\u4fe1\u606f (\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -A unix)\r\n-4\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a IPV4\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-6\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a IPV6\u4fe1\u606f\r\n\u2013help\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\r\n\u2013version\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7684tcp\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ss -t -a<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7684udp\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ss -u -a<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793aLISTEN\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ss -pl<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u8fde\u63a5X\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ss -x src \/tmp\/.X11-unix\/*<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u672c\u5730\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><\/h3>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ss -ln<\/pre>\n
\u7528TCP \u72b6\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4Sockets<\/strong><\/h3>\n
ss -4 state FILTER-NAME-HERE\r\nss -6 state FILTER-NAME-HERE<\/pre>\n
FILTER-NAME-HERE\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a<\/h4>\n
listen\uff1a\u4fa6\u542c\u6765\u81ea\u8fdc\u65b9\u7684TCP\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\r\nsyn-sent\uff1a\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\r\nsyn-recv\uff1a\u518d\u6536\u5230\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\r\nestablished\uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\r\nfin-wait-1\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\r\nfin-wait-2\uff1a\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u7b49\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\r\nclose-wait\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\r\nclosing\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\r\nlast-ack\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u539f\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5411\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\r\ntime-wait\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\r\nclosed\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\r\nall : \u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0a\u72b6\u6001\r\nconnected : \u9664\u4e86listen and closed\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\r\nsynchronized :\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u9664\u4e86syn-sent\r\nbucket : \u663e\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u4e3amaintained as minisockets,\u5982\uff1atime-wait\u548csyn-recv.\r\nbig : \u548cbucket\u76f8\u53cd<\/pre>\n
\u5339\u914d\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong><\/h3>\n
ss dst ADDRESS_PATTERN\r\nss dst 192.168.1.1\r\nss dst 192.168.21.1:http\r\nss dst 192.168.21.1:smtp\r\nss dst 192.168.21.1:443<\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6216\u8005\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong><\/h3>\n
ss sport = :http\r\nss dport = :http\r\nss dport \\> :1024\r\nss sport \\> :1024\r\nss sport \\< :32000\r\nss sport eq :22\r\nss dport != :22\r\nss state connected sport = :http\r\nss \\( sport = :http or sport = :https \\)\r\nss -o state fin-wait-1 \\( sport = :http or sport = :https \\) dst 192.168.1\/24<\/pre>\n
ss dport OP PORT \u8fdc\u7a0b\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1bss sport OP PORT \u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h4>\n
OP\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a:\r\n<= or le\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\n>= or ge\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\n== or eq\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\n!= or ne\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\n< or gt\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\n> or lt\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/pre>\n
iftop<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177,\u76d1\u63a7TCP\/IP\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49,\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u62a5\u8868\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u624d\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n
-i\uff1a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u76d1\u6d4b\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u5982\uff1a# iftop -i eth1\r\n-B\uff1a\u4ee5bytes\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u663e\u793a\u6d41\u91cf(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662fbits)\uff0c\u5982\uff1a# iftop -B\r\n-n\uff1a\u4f7fhost\u4fe1\u606f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76f4\u63a5\u90fd\u663e\u793aIP\uff0c\u5982\uff1a# iftop -n\r\n-N\uff1a\u4f7f\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76f4\u63a5\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5982: # iftop -N\r\n-F\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8fdb\u51fa\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5982# iftop -F 10.10.1.0\/24\u6216# iftop -F 10.10.1.0\/255.255.255.0\r\n-h\uff08display this message\uff09\uff1a\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u53c2\u6570\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-p\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u5217\u8868\u663e\u793a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u672c\u673a\u4ee5\u5916\u7684IP\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n-b\uff1a\u4f7f\u6d41\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u6761\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u663e\u793a;\r\n-f\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u592a\u4f1a\u7528\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8ba1\u7b97\u5305\u7528\u7684;\r\n-P\uff1a\u4f7fhost\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u90fd\u663e\u793a;\r\n-m\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u754c\u9762\u6700\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u523b\u5ea6\u5206\u4e94\u4e2a\u5927\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a# iftop -m 100M<\/pre>\n
\u8fdb\u5165iftop\u753b\u9762\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4(\u6ce8\u610f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199)<\/h3>\n
\u6309h\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9;\r\n\u6309n\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u672c\u673a\u7684IP\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u540d;\r\n\u6309s\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u672c\u673a\u7684host\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309d\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u8fdc\u7aef\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684host\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309t\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a2\u884c\/1\u884c\/\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u91cf\/\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u91cf;\r\n\u6309N\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0;\r\n\u6309S\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u672c\u673a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309D\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u8fdc\u7aef\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309p\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309P\u5207\u6362\u6682\u505c\/\u7ee7\u7eed\u663e\u793a;\r\n\u6309b\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u6d41\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u6761;\r\n\u6309B\u5207\u6362\u8ba1\u7b972\u79d2\u621610\u79d2\u621640\u79d2\u5185\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6d41\u91cf;\r\n\u6309T\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf;\r\n\u6309l\u6253\u5f00\u5c4f\u5e55\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982ip,\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u540e\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u5c31\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f;\r\n\u6309L\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u753b\u9762\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u523b\u5ea6;\u523b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u6761\u4f1a\u6709\u53d8\u5316;\r\n\u6309j\u6216\u6309k\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e0a\u6216\u5411\u4e0b\u6eda\u52a8\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f55;\r\n\u63091\u62162\u62163\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u53f3\u4fa7\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4e09\u5217\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f;\r\n\u6309<\u6839\u636e\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u672c\u673a\u540d\u6216IP\u6392\u5e8f;\r\n\u6309>\u6839\u636e\u8fdc\u7aef\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6216IP\u6392\u5e8f;\r\n\u6309o\u5207\u6362\u662f\u5426\u56fa\u5b9a\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5;\r\n\u6309f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u7528\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff01\r\n\u6309!\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528shell\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ca1\u7528\u8fc7\uff01\u6ca1\u641e\u660e\u767d\u5565\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8fd9\u597d\u7528\u5462\uff01\r\n\u6309q\u9000\u51fa\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/pre>\n
\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684<= =>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/h3>\n
TX\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u91cf\r\nRX\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u91cf\r\nTOTAL\uff1a\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\r\nCumm\uff1a\u8fd0\u884ciftop\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\r\npeak\uff1a\u6d41\u91cf\u5cf0\u503c\r\nrates\uff1a\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb 2s 10s 40s \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6d41\u91cf<\/pre>\n
glances<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Glances \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 Python \u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 psutil \u5e93\u6765\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u6293\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e curses \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u89c6\u5de5\u5177\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7 Glances\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u89c6 CPU\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5904\u7406\u5668 \u548c \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5229\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\nGlances \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u89c6 GNU\/Linux \u548c FreeBSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 GPL \u6388\u6743\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6
\nglances\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec8\u7aef\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4e\u4e8e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u3002glances\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u9694\u4e24\u79d2\u949f\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n
Glances \u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n
CPU \u4fe1\u606f \uff08\u7528\u6237\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5e94\u7528, \u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7a7a\u95f2\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09
\n\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u7b49
\n\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 1 \u5206\u949f\u30015 \u5206\u949f\u548c 15 \u5206\u949f\u5e73\u5747\u7684 CPU \u8d1f\u8f7d
\n\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u4e0b\u884c\u548c\u4e0a\u884c\u901f\u5ea6
\n\u5904\u7406\u5668\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001
\n\u786c\u76d8 I\/O \u76f8\u5173\uff08\u8bfb\u5199\uff09\u901f\u5ea6\u8be6\u60c5
\n\u5f53\u524d\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\n\u9ad8 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\uff0c\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n\u5728\u5e95\u90e8\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u5c06\u6d88\u8017\u6700\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u6807\u51fa<\/p>\n
Glances \u4f1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n
\u7eff\u8272\uff1aOK\uff08\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\uff09
\n\u84dd\u8272\uff1aCAREFUL\uff08\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff09
\n\u7d2b\u8272\uff1aWARNING\uff08\u8b66\u544a\uff09
\n\u7ea2\u8272\uff1aCRITICAL\uff08\u4e25\u91cd\uff09<\/p>\n
Glances \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u5728\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f00\u5173\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u9009\u9879\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/h3>\n
a\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u6392\u5e8f\r\nc\uff1a\u6309 CPU \u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6392\u5e8f\r\nm\uff1a\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6392\u5e8f\r\np\uff1a\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6392\u5e8f\r\ni\uff1a\u6309\u8bfb\u5199\u9891\u7387\uff08I\/O\uff09\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6392\u5e8f\r\nd\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\r\nf\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\r\nn\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\r\ns\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\r\ny\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u786c\u76d8\u6e29\u5ea6\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\r\nl\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08log\uff09\r\nb\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u7f51\u7edc I\/O \u5355\u4f4d\uff08Bytes\/bits\uff09\r\nw\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u8b66\u544a\u65e5\u5fd7\r\nx\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u8b66\u544a\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u65e5\u5fd7\r\n1\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u5168\u5c40 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\r\nh\uff1a\u663e\u793a\/\u9690\u85cf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u753b\u9762\r\nt\uff1a\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u7f51\u7edc I\/O\r\nu\uff1a\u4ee5\u7d2f\u8ba1\u5f62\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u7f51\u7edc I\/O\r\nq\uff1a\u9000\u51fa\uff08\u2018ESC\u2018 \u548c \u2018Ctrl&C\u2018 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff09<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=461"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":774,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461\/revisions\/774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}