{"id":474,"date":"2022-06-21T14:04:43","date_gmt":"2022-06-21T06:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=474"},"modified":"2023-08-09T00:06:51","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T16:06:51","slug":"linux-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=474","title":{"rendered":"Linux-\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

diff<\/h1>\n

diff\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff09.\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f-\u7531\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c.\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f,diff–\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u4efd\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u662f\uff08\u76ee\u5f55\uff09,diff\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5728\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e2d\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u540d\u7684\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\uff09,\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837.\u975e\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f-
\n\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u76ee\u5f55,diff\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u5b57\u6bcd\u6b21\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9012\u5f52\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7ed9\u51fa-r\u6216\u8005–recursive.diff\u4e0d\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8f93\u5165,\u56e0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u65e0\u540d\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\uff02\u6709\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff02\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u3002diff\u7684\u9009\u9879\u7531-,\u5f00\u59cb\u6240\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5730\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u540d\uff09\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u540d\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528-\u5f00\u5934.\u7136\u800c,–\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b83\u89c6\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5373\u4f7f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff08theybeginwith-.\uff09[[]]<\/p>\n

diff <\/span>[-<\/span>abBcdefHilnNpPqrstTuvwy<\/span>][-<\u884c\u6570>][-<\/span>C <\/span><\u884c\u6570>][-<\/span>D <\/span><\u5de8\u96c6\u540d\u79f0>]\r\n[-<\/span>I <\/span><\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>][-<\/span>S <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6>][-<\/span>W <\/span><\u5bbd\u5ea6>][-<\/span>x <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55>][-<\/span>X <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6>]\r\n[--<\/span>help<\/span>][--<\/span>left<\/span>-<\/span>column<\/span>][--<\/span>suppress<\/span>-<\/span>common<\/span>-<\/span>line<\/span>][\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>1<\/span>][\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-<\u884c\u6570>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u663e\u793a\u591a\u5c11\u884c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e-c\u6216-u\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\r\n-a\u6216--text\uff1adiff\u9884\u8bbe\u53ea\u4f1a\u9010\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-b\u6216--ignore-space-change\uff1a\u4e0d\u68c0\u67e5\u7a7a\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\r\n-B\u6216--ignore-blank-lines\uff1a\u4e0d\u68c0\u67e5\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\r\n-c\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u6807\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\r\n-C<\u884c\u6570>\u6216--context<\u884c\u6570>\uff1a\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\"-c-<\u884c\u6570>\"\u6307\u4ee4\u76f8\u540c\r\n-d\u6216--minimal\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u6765\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\r\n-D<\u5de8\u96c6\u540d\u79f0>\u6216ifdef<\u5de8\u96c6\u540d\u79f0>\uff1a\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u524d\u7f6e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5de8\u96c6\r\n-e\u6216--ed\uff1a\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8eed\u7684script\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-f\u6216-forward-ed\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3ced\u7684script\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u6309\u7167\u539f\u6765\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u5904\r\n-H\u6216--speed-large-files\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u52a0\u5feb\u901f\u5ea6\r\n-I<\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>\u6216--ignore-matching-lines<\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>\uff1a\u82e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u67d0\u51e0\u884c\u6709\r\n\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u51e0\u884c\u540c\u65f6\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\r\n-i\u6216--ignore-case\uff1a\u4e0d\u68c0\u67e5\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\r\n-l\u6216--paginate\uff1a\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4ea4\u7531pr\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5206\u9875\r\n-n\u6216--rcs\uff1a\u5c06\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5RCS\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\r\n-N\u6216--new-file\uff1a\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6A\u4ec5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u9884\u8bbe\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\uff1a\r\nOnly in\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6A\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528-N\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219diff\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6A\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83\r\n-p\uff1a\u82e5\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3aC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5dee\u5f02\u6240\u5728\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u79f0\r\n-P\u6216--unidirectional-new-file\uff1a\u4e0e-N\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\r\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\r\n-q\u6216--brief\uff1a\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u6709\u65e0\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-r\u6216--recursive\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-s\u6216--report-identical-files\uff1a\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-S<\u6587\u4ef6>\u6216--starting-file<\u6587\u4ef6>\uff1a\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u6bd4\u8f83\r\n-t\u6216--expand-tabs\uff1a\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06tab\u5b57\u7b26\u5c55\u5f00\r\n-T\u6216--initial-tab\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0atab\u5b57\u7b26\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5bf9\u9f50\r\n-u,-U<\u5217\u6570>\u6216--unified=<\u5217\u6570>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\r\n-v\u6216--version\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-w\u6216--ignore-all-space\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\r\n-W<\u5bbd\u5ea6>\u6216--width<\u5bbd\u5ea6>\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528-y\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u680f\u5bbd\r\n-x<\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u76ee\u5f55>\u6216--exclude<\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u76ee\u5f55>\uff1a\u4e0d\u6bd4\u8f83\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-X<\u6587\u4ef6>\u6216--exclude-from<\u6587\u4ef6>\uff1a\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u5b58\u6210\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\r\n\u7136\u540e\u5728=<\u6587\u4ef6>\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u6b64\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-y\u6216--side-by-side\uff1a\u4ee5\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\r\n--help\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\r\n--left-column\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528-y\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\r\n\u5219\u4ec5\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u680f\u4f4d\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\r\n--suppress-common-lines\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528-y\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904<\/pre>\n
\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff passwd passwd.1<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff \/etc\/yum\/ \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/ \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/: CentOS-Base.repo \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/: epel.repo \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: fssnap.d \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: pluginconf.d \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: protected.d \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: vars \r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: version-groups.conf<\/pre>\n
\u9012\u5f52\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff\u00a0 -r \/etc\/yum\/\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/: CentOS-Base.repo\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/: epel.repo\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: fssnap.d\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: pluginconf.d\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: protected.d\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: vars\r\nOnly in \/etc\/yum\/: version-groups.conf<\/pre>\n
\u8865\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff -ruN passwd passwd.1\r\n--- passwd\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2022-06-28 21:53:38.583171133 +0800\r\n+++ passwd.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2022-06-28 21:55:05.281794045 +0800\r\n@@ -12,10 +12,3 @@\r\nftp:x:14:50:FTP User:\/var\/ftp:\/sbin\/nologin\r\nnobody:x:99:99:Nobody:\/:\/sbin\/nologin\r\nsystemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:\/:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:\/:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-polkitd:x:999:998:User for polkitd:\/:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:\/var\/empty\/sshd:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-postfix:x:89:89::\/var\/spool\/postfix:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-chrony:x:998:996::\/var\/lib\/chrony:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:\/:\/sbin\/nologin\r\n-tcpdump:x:72:72::\/:\/sbin\/nologin<\/pre>\n
\u4ea7\u751f\u8865\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff -ruN passwd passwd.1 > passwd.diff<\/pre>\n
\u5e76\u6392\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff -y -W 50 passwd passwd.1<\/pre>\n
\"|\"\u8868\u793a\u524d\u540e2\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\r\n\"<\"\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u524d\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u5c11\u4e861\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\r\n\">\"\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u524d\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u591a\u4e861\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/pre>\n
diffstat<\/h1>\n
\u6839\u636ediff\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\uff0cdiffstat\u8bfb\u53d6diff\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7b49\u5dee\u5f02\u8ba1\u91cf<\/h3>\n
diff <\/span>[-<\/span>wV<\/span>][-<\/span>n <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6>][-<\/span>p <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6>]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-n<\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6700\u957f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\r\n-p<\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6>\uff1a\u4e0e-n\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u5904\u7684<\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u957f\u5ea6>\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\r\n-w\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\r\n-V\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# diff passwd passwd.1 | diffstat \r\nunknown | 7 ------- \r\n1 file changed, 7 deletions(-)<\/pre>\n
df<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7edf\u8ba1<\/h3>\n
df <\/span>[\u9009\u9879]...<\/span> [<\/span>FILE<\/span>]...<\/span><\/pre>\n
-a, --all\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5177\u6709 0 Blocks \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\r\n--block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5757\u7684\u5927\u5c0f \r\n-h,--human-readable\uff1a\u7528\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5927\u5c0f(\u4f8b\u5982:1K 234M 2G)\r\n-H, --si\uff1a\u5f88\u50cf -h, \u4f46\u662f\u7528 1000 \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528 1024\r\n-i, --inodes\uff1a\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u7d22\u5f15\u70b9\u4ee3\u66ff\u5757\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\r\n-k, --kilobytes\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4e8e1024\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u663e\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\r\n-l, --local\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\r\n-m, --megabytes\uff1a\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4e8e1048576\u5b57\u8282(1M)\u6765\u663e\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\r\n--no-sync\uff1a\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u524d\u7981\u6b62\u8c03\u7528\u540c\u6b65 (default)\r\n-P, --portability\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528POSIX\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\r\n--sync\uff1a\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u524d\u8c03\u7528\u540c\u6b65\r\n-t, --type=TYPE\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b(TYPE)\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\r\n-T, --print-type\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\r\n-x, --exclude-type=TYPE\uff1a\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b(TYPE)\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\r\n--help\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u9000\u51fa \r\n--version\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/pre>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df<\/pre>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edfionde\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -ia<\/pre>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -T<\/pre>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 \u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -h<\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u5355\u4f4d\u663e\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -k<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -a<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793aext4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -t ext4<\/pre>\n
\u6253\u5370\u9664 ext3 \u5916\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# df -x ext3<\/pre>\n
dirs<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u5806\u53e0\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n
dirs <\/span>[+\/-<\/span>n <\/span>-<\/span>l<\/span>]<\/span><\/pre>\n
+n\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2cn\u7b14\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-n\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u4ece\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b97\u8d77\u7b2cn\u7b14\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\r\n-l\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u6808<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp etc]# dirs \r\n\/etc<\/pre>\n
du<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n
du <\/span>[-<\/span>abcDhHklmsSx<\/span>][-<\/span>L <\/span><\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5>][-<\/span>X <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6>][--<\/span>block<\/span>-<\/span>size<\/span>]\r\n[--<\/span>exclude<\/span>=<\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6>][--<\/span>max<\/span>-<\/span>depth<\/span>=<\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6570>][--<\/span>help<\/span>][--<\/span>version<\/span>][\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-a\u6216-all \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e2a\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-b\u6216-bytes \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5byte\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\r\n-c\u6216--total \u9664\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u4e2a\u522b\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u603b\u548c\r\n-D\u6216--dereference-args \u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-h\u6216--human-readable \u4ee5K\uff0cM\uff0cG\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\r\n-H\u6216--si \u4e0e-h\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662fK\uff0cM\uff0cG\u662f\u4ee51000\u4e3a\u6362\u7b97\u5355\u4f4d\r\n-k\u6216--kilobytes \u4ee51024 bytes\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\r\n-l\u6216--count-links \u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u786c\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-L<\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5>\u6216--dereference<\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5> \u663e\u793a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-m\u6216--megabytes \u4ee51MB\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\r\n-s\u6216--summarize \u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u603b\u8ba1\r\n-S\u6216--separate-dirs \u663e\u793a\u4e2a\u522b\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u542b\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-x\u6216--one-file-xystem \u4ee5\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u51c6\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u4e0a\u5176\u5b83\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\r\n\u76ee\u5f55\u5219\u7565\u8fc7\r\n-X<\u6587\u4ef6>\u6216--exclude-from=<\u6587\u4ef6> \u5728<\u6587\u4ef6>\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\r\n--exclude=<\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6> \u7565\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\r\n--max-depth=<\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6570> \u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5c42\u6570\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u4e88\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\r\n--help \u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\r\n--version \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du<\/pre>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du -ah<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du passwd<\/pre>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1etx\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du -ah --max-depth=1 \/etc\/<\/pre>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n
root@dmxsp ~]# du -sm * | sort -n<\/pre>\n
\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\u76ee\u5f55(\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f)<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du -h --time --max-depth=1 | sort -hr<\/pre>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u4e0d\u5305\u62ecxyz\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# du -h --exclude='*nginx*'<\/pre>\n
dd<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e,\u53ef\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u8f6c\u6362\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/h3>\n
if=\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\r\nof=\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\r\nibs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u5165bytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\r\nobs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8f93\u51fabytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\r\nbs=bytes\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3abytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\r\ncbs=bytes\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8f6c\u6362bytes\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6c\u6362\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\r\nskip=blocks\uff1a\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u8df3\u8fc7blocks\u4e2a\u5757\u540e\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\r\nseek=blocks\uff1a\u4ece\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u8df3\u8fc7blocks\u4e2a\u5757\u540e\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\r\ncount=blocks\uff1a\u4ec5\u62f7\u8d1dblocks\u4e2a\u5757\uff0c\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4e8eibs\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\r\n--help\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\r\n--version\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\n
conv=<\u5173\u952e\u5b57>\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b11\u79cd\uff1a\r\nconversion\uff1a\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\r\nascii\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ebcdic\u4e3aascii\r\nebcdic\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ascii\u4e3aebcdic\r\nibm\uff1a\u8f6c\u6362ascii\u4e3aalternate ebcdic\r\nblock\uff1a\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3acbs\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145\r\nunblock\uff1a\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3acbs\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145\r\nlcase\uff1a\u628a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\r\nucase\uff1a\u628a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\r\nswap\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u5bf9\u5b57\u8282\r\nnoerror\uff1a\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u4e0d\u505c\u6b62\r\nnotrunc\uff1a\u4e0d\u622a\u77ed\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\r\nsync\uff1a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5757\u586b\u5145\u5230ibs\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u7a7a\uff08NUL\uff09\u5b57\u7b26\u8865\u9f50<\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u7684\/dev\/hdx\u6574\u76d8\u5907\u4efd\u5230\/dev\/hdy<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/hdx of=\/dev\/hdy<\/pre>\n
\u5c06\/dev\/hdx\u5168\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u7684image\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/hdx of=\/path\/to\/image<\/pre>\n
\u5907\u4efd\/dev\/hdx\u5168\u76d8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528gzip\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/hdx | gzip >\/path\/to\/image.gz<\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76d8<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/path\/to\/image of=\/dev\/hdx<\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76d8<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# gzip -dc \/path\/to\/image.gz | dd of=\/dev\/hdx<\/pre>\n
\u5907\u4efd\u78c1\u76d8\u5f00\u59cb\u7684512Byte\u5927\u5c0f\u7684MBR\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/path\/to\/image count=1 bs=512M<\/pre>\n
\u62f7\u8d1d\u5149\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u5230root\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3acd.iso\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/cdrom of=\/root\/cd.iso<\/pre>\n
\u589e\u52a0swap\u5206\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/h3>\n
1.\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a256M\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1024 count=262144<\/pre>\n
2.\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u6210swap\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# mkswap \/swapfile<\/pre>\n
3.\u542f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aswap\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# swapon \/swapfile<\/pre>\n
4.\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/fstab\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7dswap\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\/swapfile swap swap default 0 0<\/pre>\n
\u9500\u6bc1\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u586b\u5145\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u573a\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u9500\u6bc1\u6570\u636e)<\/h4>\n
dd if=\/dev\/urandom of=\/dev\/hda1<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u590d\u786c\u76d8
\n\u5f53\u786c\u76d8\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4(\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a)\u653e\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751fmagnetic flux point\uff0c\u5f53\u78c1\u5934\u8bfb\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4I\/O\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u786c\u76d8\u62a5\u5e9f\u3002\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570 \u636e\u8d77\u6b7b\u56de\u751f\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684<\/h4>\n
dd if=\/dev\/sda of=\/dev\/sda \u6216dd if=\/dev\/hda of=\/dev\/hda<\/span><\/pre>\n
date<\/h1>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4<\/h3>\n
date <\/span>[<\/span>OPTION<\/span>]...<\/span> [+<\/span>FORMAT<\/span>]<\/span> \r\ndate <\/span>[-<\/span>u<\/span>]<\/span> [-<\/span>d datestr<\/span>]<\/span> [-<\/span>s datestr<\/span>]<\/span> [--<\/span>utc<\/span>]<\/span> [--<\/span>universal<\/span>]<\/span> [--<\/span>date<\/span>=<\/span>datestr<\/span>]<\/span> \r\n[--<\/span>set<\/span>=<\/span>datestr<\/span>]<\/span> [--<\/span>help<\/span>]<\/span> [--<\/span>version<\/span>]<\/span> [+<\/span>FORMAT<\/span>]<\/span> [<\/span>MMDDhhmm<\/span>[[<\/span>CC<\/span>]<\/span>YY<\/span>][.<\/span>ss<\/span>]]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-s\u00a0--set=STRING\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\r\n-r\u00a0--reference=FILE\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\r\n-d --date=STRING\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7531\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4, \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\r\n-f\u00a0 --file=DATEFILE\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e--date; \u4e00\u6b21\u4eceDATEFILE\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u884c\r\n-R\u00a0 --rfc-822\uff1a\u6839\u636e RFC-822 \u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u65e5\u671f\r\n-u\u00a0 --utc, --universal\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u7403\u65f6\u95f4<\/pre>\n
%%<\/span>\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26<\/span>%<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>a\uff1a<\/span>\u661f\u671f\u51e0\u7684\u7f29\u5199<\/span> (<\/span>Sun<\/span>..<\/span>Sat<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>A\uff1a<\/span>\u661f\u671f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0(<\/span>Sunday<\/span>..<\/span>Saturday<\/span>)\u3002<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>b\uff1a<\/span>\u7f29\u5199\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>Jan<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>B\uff1a<\/span>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>January<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>c\uff1a<\/span>\u672c\u5730\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>Thu<\/span> Mar<\/span> 3<\/span> 23<\/span>:<\/span>05<\/span>:<\/span>25<\/span> 2005<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>C\uff1a<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u548c%<\/span>Y<\/span>\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7701\u7565\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>20<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>d\uff1a<\/span>\u65e5<\/span> (<\/span>01.<\/span>.<\/span>31<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>D\uff1a<\/span>\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e%<\/span>m<\/span>\/%<\/span>d<\/span>\/%<\/span>y\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>e\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u6708\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e%<\/span>_d\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>F\uff1a<\/span>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65e5\u671f\uff1b\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>Y<\/span>-%<\/span>m<\/span>-%<\/span>d\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>g ISO\uff1a<\/span>\u6807\u51c6\u8ba1\u6570\u5468\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>G ISO\uff1a<\/span>\u6807\u51c6\u8ba1\u6570\u5468\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5bf9%<\/span>V<\/span>\u6709\u7528<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>h\uff1a<\/span>\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>b\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>H\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6<\/span> (<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>23<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>I\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6<\/span> (<\/span>01.<\/span>.<\/span>12<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>j\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5929<\/span> (<\/span>001.<\/span>.<\/span>366<\/span>)\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>k\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145<\/span> (<\/span> 0.<\/span>.<\/span>23<\/span>);<\/span> \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>_H\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>l\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6,<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u586b\u5145<\/span> (<\/span> 1.<\/span>.<\/span>12<\/span>);<\/span> \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>_I\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>m\uff1a<\/span>\u6708\u4efd<\/span> (<\/span>01.<\/span>.<\/span>12<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>M\uff1a<\/span>\u5206\u949f<\/span> (<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>59<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>n\uff1a<\/span>\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u6362\u884c\u7b26<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>N\uff1a<\/span>\u7eb3\u79d2<\/span> (<\/span>000000000.<\/span>.<\/span>999999999<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>p\uff1a<\/span>\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u5730\u7684<\/span>AM<\/span>\u6216<\/span>PM<\/span>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u77e5\u5219\u4e3a\u7a7a\u767d<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>P\uff1a<\/span>\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/span> %<\/span>p<\/span>,<\/span> \u4f46\u662f\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u7684<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>r\uff1a<\/span>\u672c\u5730\u7684<\/span> 12<\/span> \u5c0f\u65f6\u5236\u65f6\u95f4(\u4f8b\u5982<\/span> 11<\/span>:<\/span>11<\/span>:<\/span>04<\/span> PM<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>R\uff1a<\/span>24<\/span> \u5c0f\u65f6\u5236<\/span> \u7684\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e0e\u5206\u949f;<\/span> \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>H<\/span>:%<\/span>M\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>s\uff1a<\/span>\u81ea<\/span> 1970<\/span>-<\/span>01<\/span>-<\/span>01<\/span> 00<\/span>:<\/span>00<\/span>:<\/span>00<\/span> UTC <\/span>\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d2\u6570<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>S\uff1a<\/span>\u79d2<\/span> (<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>60<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>t\uff1a<\/span>\u63d2\u5165\u6c34\u5e73\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/span> tab\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>T\uff1a<\/span>\u65f6\u95f4;<\/span> \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e<\/span> %<\/span>H<\/span>:%<\/span>M<\/span>:%<\/span>S\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>u\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u5468\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5929<\/span> (<\/span>1.<\/span>.<\/span>7<\/span>);<\/span> 1<\/span> \u8868\u793a\u661f\u671f\u4e00<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>U\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u5468\u65e5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u8d77\u59cb<\/span> (<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>53<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>V\uff1aISO <\/span>\u6807\u51c6\u8ba1\u6570\u5468\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5468\u4e00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u8d77\u59cb<\/span> (<\/span>01.<\/span>.<\/span>53<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>w\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u5468\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff08<\/span>0.<\/span>.<\/span>6<\/span>\uff09\uff0c<\/span>0<\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u661f\u671f\u5929<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>W\uff1a<\/span>\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u5468\u4e00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\uff08<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>53<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>x\uff1a<\/span>\u672c\u5730\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>12<\/span>\/<\/span>31<\/span>\/<\/span>99<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>X\uff1a<\/span>\u672c\u5730\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>23<\/span>:<\/span>13<\/span>:<\/span>48<\/span>\uff09\r\n<\/span>%<\/span>y\uff1a<\/span>\u5e74\u4efd\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57<\/span> (<\/span>00.<\/span>.<\/span>99<\/span>)<\/span> %<\/span>Y <\/span>\u5e74<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>z\uff1a<\/span>+<\/span>hhmm <\/span>\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5316\u65f6\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c-<\/span>0400<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%:<\/span>z\uff1a<\/span>+<\/span>hh<\/span>:<\/span>mm <\/span>\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5316\u65f6\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c-<\/span>04<\/span>:<\/span>00<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%::<\/span>z\uff1a<\/span>+<\/span>hh<\/span>:<\/span>mm<\/span>:<\/span>ss<\/span>\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5316\u65f6\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c-<\/span>04<\/span>:<\/span>00<\/span>:<\/span>00<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%:::<\/span>z\uff1a<\/span>\u6570\u503c\u5316\u65f6\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5f0f\u589e\u52a0<\/span>':'<\/span>\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c-<\/span>04<\/span>\uff0c+<\/span>05<\/span>:<\/span>30<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>Z\uff1a<\/span>\u65f6\u533a\u7f29\u5199<\/span> \uff08\u5982<\/span> EDT<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# date\r\nSat Jul 2 13:39:02 +08 2022<\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# date -s \"15:05:06\"\r\nWed Jun 15 15:05:06 +08 2022<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65e5\u671f<\/span><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# date '+%D'\r\n07\/02\/22\r\n[root@dmxsp ~]# date '+%x'\r\n07\/02\/2022<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# date '+%T'\r\n13:55:37<\/pre>\n
declare<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u58f0\u660e shell \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3ashell\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5c5e\u6027([rix]\u5373\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793ashell\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5168\u90e8\u7684shell\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570(\u4e0e\u6267\u884cset\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c)<\/h3>\n
declare <\/span>[+\/-][<\/span>rxi<\/span>][\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\uff1d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c]<\/span> \u6216<\/span> declare <\/span>-<\/span>f<\/span><\/pre>\n
-a\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\r\n-f\uff1a\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u51fd\u6570\r\n-r\uff1a\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb\r\n-x\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9bshell\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\r\n-i\uff1a[\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c]\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f0f\r\n+\/-\uff1a\"-\"\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\"+\"\u5219\u662f\u53d6\u6d88\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u8bbe\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/pre>\n
\u58f0\u660e\u6574\u6570\u578b\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# declare -i ab<\/pre>\n
\u6539\u53d8\u53d8\u91cf\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# ab=12<\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# echo $ab<\/pre>\n
\u53d6\u6d88\u53d8\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# declare +i ab<\/pre>\n
depmod<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u8f7d\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\uff0c\u4f9bmodprobe\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n
depmod <\/span>[-<\/span>adeisvV<\/span>][-<\/span>m <\/span><\u6587\u4ef6>][--<\/span>help<\/span>][\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-a\u6216--all\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\r\n-d\u6216debug\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6392\u9519\u6a21\u5f0f\r\n-e\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u65e0\u6cd5\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\r\n-i\uff1a\u4e0d\u68c0\u67e5\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u7684\u7248\u672c\r\n-m<\u6587\u4ef6>\u6216system-map<\u6587\u4ef6>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-s\u6216--system-log\uff1a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\r\n-n\u00a0 --dry_run\uff1a\u5c06\u7ed3\u679cmodules.dep\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa(stdout)\uff0c\r\n\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5199\u5230\u6a21\u5757\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\r\n-b basedir\u00a0 --basedir basedir\uff1a\u82e5\u4f60\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5728\/lib\/mdules\/version\u4e0b\uff0c\r\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u751f\u6210\u4f9d\u8d56\r\n-A --quick\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u6bd4modues.dep\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u65b0\uff0c\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u9000\u51fa\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-v\u6216--verbose\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\r\n-V\u6216--version\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\r\n--help\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9<\/pre>\n
dmesg<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u5f00\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0ckernel \u4f1a\u5c06\u5f00\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 ring buffer \u4e2d\u3002\u60a8\u82e5\u662f\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u5229\u7528 dmesg \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u3002\u5f00\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 \/var\/log \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a dmesg \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc<\/h3>\n
dmesg <\/span>[-<\/span>cn<\/span>][-<\/span>s <\/span><\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f>]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-c\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u6e05\u9664 ring buffer \u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\r\n-s<\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f>\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 8196\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u7b49\u4e8e ring buffer \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\r\n-n\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7<\/pre>\n
\u6253\u5370\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dmesg<\/pre>\n
\u6253\u5370\u5e76\u6e05\u9664\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h4>\n
[root@dmxsp ~]# dmesg -c<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770busb\u4fe1<\/h4>\n
dmesg | grep -i usb <\/span><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u770bdma\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n
dmesg | grep -i dma<\/span><\/pre>\n
dump<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cdump\u4e3a\u5907\u4efd\u5de5\u5177\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5907\u4efd\u81f3\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6216\u5907\u4efd\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
dump<\/span> [-<\/span>cnu<\/span>][-<\/span>0123456789<\/span>][-<\/span>b <\/span><\u533a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f>][-<\/span>B <\/span><\u533a\u5757\u6570\u76ee>][-<\/span>d <\/span><\u5bc6\u5ea6>][-<\/span>f <\/span><\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0>]\r\n[-<\/span>h <\/span><\u5c42\u7ea7>][-<\/span>s <\/span><\u78c1\u5e26\u957f\u5ea6>][-<\/span>T <\/span><\u65e5\u671f>][\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf]<\/span> \u6216<\/span> dump<\/span> [-<\/span>wW<\/span>]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-0123456789 \u3000\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\r\n-b<\u533a\u5757\u5927\u5c0f>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u533a\u5757\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\r\n-B<\u533a\u5757\u6570\u76ee>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5907\u4efd\u5377\u518c\u7684\u533a\u5757\u6570\u76ee\r\n-c\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u5907\u4efd\u78c1\u5e26\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5bb9\u91cf\r\n-d<\u5bc6\u5ea6>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u78c1\u5e26\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aBPI\r\n-f<\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5907\u4efd\u8bbe\u5907\r\n-h<\u5c42\u7ea7>\uff1a\u5f53\u5907\u4efd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7b49\u4e8e\u6216\u5927\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u5907\u4efd\u7528\u6237\u6807\u793a\u4e3a\"nodump\"\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-n\uff1a\u5f53\u5907\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4ecb\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u6240\u6709\"operator\"\u7fa4\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53d1\u51fa\u901a\u77e5\r\n-s<\u78c1\u5e26\u957f\u5ea6>\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u78c1\u5e26\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u82f1\u5c3a\r\n-T<\u65e5\u671f>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5f00\u59cb\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u65e5\u671f\r\n-u\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/dumpdates\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u65e5\u671f\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\r\n-w\uff1a\u4e0e-W\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\r\n-W\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u65e5\u671f<\/pre>\n
\u5907\u4efd\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/h4>\n
dump -0 -u -f \/dev\/hda3 \/home\/pyegrp\/<\/pre>\n
\u8fd8\u539f<\/h4>\n
restore rf \/dev\/hda3 \/home\/pyegrp<\/pre>\n
ed<\/h1>\n
\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ec5\u80fd\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u884c\u800c\u975e\u5168\u5c4f\u5e55\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n
ed <\/span>[-][-<\/span>Gs<\/span>][-<\/span>p<\/span><\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>][--<\/span>help<\/span>][--<\/span>version<\/span>][\u6587\u4ef6]<\/span><\/pre>\n
-G\u6216--traditional\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u56de\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u529f\u80fd\r\n-p<\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9aed\u5728command mode\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\r\n-s,-,--quiet\u6216--silent\uff1a\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u5f00\u542f\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\r\n--help\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\r\n--version\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/pre>\n
\u00a0ed \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u4f8b\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n
$ ed              <\/span><-<\/span> \u6fc0\u6d3b<\/span> ed <\/span>\u547d\u4ee4<\/span> \r\na                 <\/span><-<\/span> \u544a\u8bc9<\/span> ed <\/span>\u6211\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/span> \r\nMy<\/span> name <\/span>is<\/span> Titan<\/span>.<\/span> <-<\/span> \u8f93\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/span> \r\nAnd<\/span> I love <\/span>Perl<\/span> very much<\/span>.<\/span> <-<\/span> \u8f93\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/span> \r\n.<\/span>                 <-<\/span> \u8fd4\u56de<\/span> ed <\/span>\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/span> \r\ni                 <\/span><-<\/span> \u544a\u8bc9<\/span> ed <\/span>\u6211\u8981\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u63d2\u5165\u5185\u5bb9<\/span> \r\nI am <\/span>24.<\/span>          <-<\/span> \u5c06\u201c<\/span>I am <\/span>24.<\/span>\u201d\u63d2\u5165\u201c<\/span>My<\/span> name <\/span>is<\/span> Titan<\/span>.\u201d\u548c\u201c<\/span>And<\/span> I love <\/span>Perl<\/span> very much<\/span>.\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span> \r\n.<\/span>                 <-<\/span> \u8fd4\u56de<\/span> ed <\/span>\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/span> \r\nc                 <\/span><-<\/span> \u544a\u8bc9<\/span> ed <\/span>\u6211\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u5185\u5bb9<\/span> \r\nI am <\/span>24<\/span> years old<\/span>.<\/span> <-<\/span> \u5c06\u201c<\/span>I am <\/span>24.<\/span>\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201c<\/span>I am <\/span>24<\/span> years old<\/span>.\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u662f\u6700\u540e\u8f93\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff09<\/span> \r\n.<\/span>                 <-<\/span> \u8fd4\u56de<\/span> ed <\/span>\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/span> \r\nw readme<\/span>.<\/span>text     <\/span><-<\/span> \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>readme<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>\u201d\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7f16\u8f91\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6572\u5165<\/span> w <\/span>\u5373\u53ef\uff09<\/span> \r\nq                 <\/span><-<\/span> \u5b8c\u5168\u9000\u51fa<\/span> ed <\/span>\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/span><\/pre>\n
egrep<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0cegrep\u6267\u884c\u6548\u679c\u4e0e”grep-E”\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u53c2\u7167grep\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0egrep\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u89e3\u8bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
ex<\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
diff diff\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff09.\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f-\u7531\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c.\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u60c5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/474"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=474"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/474\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1195,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/474\/revisions\/1195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}