{"id":910,"date":"2022-09-08T13:42:32","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T05:42:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=910"},"modified":"2022-09-09T11:06:41","modified_gmt":"2022-09-09T03:06:41","slug":"nginx-%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiangzhenshuai.com\/?p=910","title":{"rendered":"NGINX-\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h1>\n

\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e5f\u662fNginx\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5176\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u5206\u644a\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u67092\u53f0\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u968f\u673a\u7684\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u800cNginx\u76ee\u524d\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5e263\u79cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd8\u67092\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

RR<\/h3>\n

\u6309\u7167\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u9010\u4e00\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668down\u6389\uff0c\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u5254\u9664\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u4fbf\u3001\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u5ec9\u3002\u4f46\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4f4e\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u8861<\/p>\n

\u6743\u91cd<\/h3>\n

\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6e\u8be2\u51e0\u7387\uff0cweight\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bd4\u7387\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
upstream test{\r\n     server localhost:8080 weight=9;\r\n     server localhost:8081 weight=1;\r\n     }<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u6b64\u65f68080\u548c8081\u5206\u522b\u536090%\u548c10%\u3002<\/p>\n
ip_hash<\/h3>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u76842\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff08\u91c7\u7528\u4e86session\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f88\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u628a\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e86session\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u53ea\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528iphash\u4e86\uff0ciphash\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u8bbf\u95eeip\u7684hash\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbf\u5ba2\u56fa\u5b9a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3session\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
\n
upstream test {\r\n    ip_hash;\r\n    erver localhost:8080;\r\n    server localhost:8081;\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
fair(\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9)<\/h3>\n
\u6309\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u5206\u914d<\/p>\n
\n
upstream backend {\r\n     fair;\r\n     server localhost:8080;    \r\n     server localhost:8081;\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
url_hash(\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9)<\/h3>\n
\u6309\u8bbf\u95eeurl\u7684hash\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2aurl\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5728upstream\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165hash\u8bed\u53e5\uff0cserver\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199\u5165weight\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0chash_method\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684hash\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
upstream backend {\r\n     hash $request_uri;     \r\n     hash_method crc32;     \r\n     server localhost:8080;    \r\n     server localhost:8081;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
2.\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h1>\n
\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n
\u56db\u5c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e IP + \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1a\u5728\u4e09\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u5e03\u4e09\u5c42\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff08VIP\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u52a0\u56db\u5c42\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u505a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c NAT \u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d1\u81f3\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a TCP \u6216\u8005 UDP \u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u7531\u54ea\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u540c\u6837\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u79f0\u4e3a\u56db\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff08L4 switch\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6790 IP \u5c42\u53ca TCP\/UDP \u5c42\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982 HTTP\/FTP\/MySQL \u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u3002
\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6709\uff1a
\nF5\uff1a\u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002
\nlvs\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6
\nnginx\uff1a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e26\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b
\nhaproxy\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u56db\u5c42\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u7684 URL \u6216\u4e3b\u673a IP \u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1a\u5728\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u56db\u5c42\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e03\u5c42\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u8003\u8651\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6839\u636e VIP \u52a0 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u8fa8\u522b\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4e03\u5c42\u7684 URL\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7c7b\u522b\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u57df\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8fa8\u522b\u7528\u6237\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e03\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff08L7 switch\uff09\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 HTTP \u534f\u8bae URI \u6216 Cookie \u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6709\uff1a
\nhaproxy\uff1a\u5929\u751f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u652f\u6301\u4e03\u5c42\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1b
\nnginx\uff1a\u53ea\u5728 http \u534f\u8bae\u548c mail \u534f\u8bae\u4e0a\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e haproxy \u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff1b
\napache\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee
\nMysql proxy\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u5c1a\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u548c\u56db\u5c42\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n
\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
\u6240\u8c13\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 TCP \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 SYN \u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u76ee\u6807 IP \u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539 (\u6539\u4e3a\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002TCP \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5373\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u53ea\u662f\u8d77\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u7f72\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u8c13\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 TCP \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5185\u5bb9\u518d\u9009\u62e9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5148\u4ee3\u7406\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5 (\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b) \u540e\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u66f4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u548c\u524d\u7aef\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u5efa\u7acb TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5bf9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4e03\u5c42\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u4f4e\u4e8e\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e0a\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u662f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u66f4 “\u667a\u80fd\u5316”\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u7bc7\uff1ahttp \u5e94\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u8bf4\u660e – \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6240\u5728\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e03\u5c42\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u56fe\u7247\u7c7b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f\uff1b\u5c06\u5bf9\u6587\u5b57\u7c7b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5728\u540e\u53f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Nginx \u6216\u8005 Apache \u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u524d\u79fb\u5230\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ba2\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684 Header \u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5bb9\u63d2\u5165\u7b49\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 SYN Flood \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5373\u9ed1\u5ba2\u63a7\u5236\u4f17\u591a\u6e90\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u5047 IP \u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u53d1\u9001 SYN \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u4f1a\u5927\u91cf\u53d1\u9001 SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8017\u5c3d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230 Denial of Service (DoS) \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b SYN \u653b\u51fb\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff1b\u800c\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b SYN \u653b\u51fb\u81ea\u7136\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u5c31\u622a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e03\u5c42\u5c42\u9762\u8bbe\u5b9a\u591a\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7279\u5b9a\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 SQL Injection \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u653b\u51fb\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u7684 7 \u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u8005\u5185\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u5e73\u53f0\u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e B\/S \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 4 \u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u5176\u4ed6 TCP \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e C\/S \u5f00\u53d1\u7684 ERP \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u667a\u80fd\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u7684\u5e26\u6765\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u538b\u529b\u589e\u9ad8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u4e0a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u56db\u5c42\u4e03\u5c42\u540c\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 SYN Flood \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u786e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c4f\u853d\uff0c\u4f46\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u672c\u8eab\u8981\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6297 DDoS \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5373\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u5e38\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u67a2\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u6545\u969c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5d29\u6e83<\/p>\n
\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u667a\u80fd\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u4e03\u5c42\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5ba2\u6237\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8003\u6838\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u5426\u53d6\u4ee3\u540e\u53f0 Nginx \u6216\u8005 Apache \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e03\u5c42\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u4efb\u610f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u6027<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4f53\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n
\u667a\u80fd\u6027<\/h4>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u5907 OIS \u4e03\u5c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u4e0a\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ddf\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6 header \u6dfb\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h4>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709 OSI \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u62b5\u5fa1\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff1b\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u62b5\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n
\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n
\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u822c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7ed3\u5408\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6df7\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742<\/p>\n
\u6548\u7387\u6bd4<\/h4>\n
\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u9650\uff1b\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u635f\u8017\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\u6bd4\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e http \u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n
3.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u8bf4\u660e<\/h1>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u7528\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4ece\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u8f6f \/ \u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff09\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7684 OSI \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6b21\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff09\uff0c\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u672c\u5730 \/ \u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff09\u7b49\u6765\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8f6f \/ \u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h2>\n
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u6307\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u6216\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5982 DNS Load Balance\uff0cCheckPoint Firewall-1 ConnectControl\uff0cKeepalive+ipvs \u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u5ec9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e5f\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6d88\u8017\u5f97\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7279\u522b\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\uff1b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7684 Bug\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u5b89\u88c5\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5b8c\u6210\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e Internet \u94fe\u63a5\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u4ee5\u4e24\u5757\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u6210\u5230 PC \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u63a5\u5230 Internet \u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a<\/p>\n
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u73af\u5883\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u5ec9\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u9700\u6c42\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8d44\u6e90\u5f00\u9500\uff1b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u51b3\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5747\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u5927\u91cf\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u4f18\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4ef7\u683c\u6602\u8d35<\/p>\n
\u672c\u5730 \/ \u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h2>\n
\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4ece\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u5206\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861 (Local Load Balance) \u548c\u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861 (Global Load Balance\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u5730\u57df\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861)\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u672c\u5730\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u505a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u5206\u522b\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u95f4\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n
\u672c\u5730\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8377\u8fc7\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u82b1\u8d39\u6602\u8d35\u5f00\u652f\u8d2d\u7f6e\u6027\u80fd\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u9020\u6210\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u5176\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u591a\u6837\u7684\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u628a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u5408\u7406\u5730\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u5185\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5171\u540c\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u518d\u7ed9\u73b0\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6269\u5145\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u533a\u57df\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5168\u7403\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u6216\u57df\u540d\u5c31\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u79bb\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5206\u6563\u7ad9\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u5e7f\u7684\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u901a\u8fc7 Intranet\uff08\u4f01\u4e1a\u5185\u90e8\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff09\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u7edf\u4e00\u5408\u7406\u5206\u914d\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/p>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h2>\n
\u9488\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u91cd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u74f6\u9888\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n\u968f\u7740\u5e26\u5bbd\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u53e3\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u74f6\u9888\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u7ebf\u8def\u5c06\u5f88\u96be\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u53c8\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6602\u8d35\u751a\u81f3\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u91c7\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u805a\u5408\uff08Trunking\uff09\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u94fe\u8def\u805a\u5408\u6280\u672f\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff09\u5c06\u591a\u6761\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u6761\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u805a\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u94fe\u8def\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u7531\u805a\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u589e\u5927\u4e86\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e26\u5bbd\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u4ee3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u901a\u5e38\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\u6216\u7b2c\u4e03\u5c42\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a Internet \u4e0a\u5408\u6cd5\u6ce8\u518c\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u6b21 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u52a8\u6001\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4 VIP\uff08\u865a\u62df IP\uff0cVirtual IP address\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6d41\u7ecf\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u6839\u636e\u6e90\u7aef\u548c\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001TCP \u6216 UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP \u548c VIP \u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u63a7\u5236\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5bf9 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u6d41\u7ecf\u7684 HTTP \u62a5\u5934\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u5934\u5185\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4f18\u70b9\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762<\/h3>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9 HTTP \u62a5\u5934\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa HTTP400\u3001500 \u548c 600 \u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u80fd\u900f\u660e\u5730\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6d41\u7ecf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u5f15\u5411\u76f8\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u8c61\u7b49\u9759\u6001\u6587\u6863\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f asp\u3001cgi \u7b49\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6587\u6863\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f15\u5411\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7f3a\u70b9\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762<\/h3>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u9650\u5236\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6709 HTTP\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b83\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u68c0\u67e5 HTTP \u62a5\u5934\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u8eab\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565<\/h1>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u60f3\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u628a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u5730\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5b95\u673a\u3002\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u4f7f Pentium III \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6bd4 Pentium II \u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f4\u81f3\u6545\u969c\u6062\u590d\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f7f\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u6216\u907f\u514d\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u62e5\u6324\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u5728\u5404\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5728 OSI \u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u3001\u4e03\u5c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u3002
\n\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u96be\u6613\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1b\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
\u8f6e\u5faa\u5747\u8861\uff08Round Robin\uff09\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6e\u6d41\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ece 1 \u81f3 N \u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u4e14\u5e73\u5747\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f8\u5bf9\u5747\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6743\u91cd\u8f6e\u5faa\u5747\u8861\uff08Weighted Round Robin\uff09\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u76f8\u5e94\u6743\u503c\u6570\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 A \u7684\u6743\u503c\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210 1\uff0cB \u7684\u6743\u503c\u662f 3\uff0cC \u7684\u6743\u503c\u662f 6\uff0c\u5219\u670d\u52a1\u5668 A\u3001B\u3001C \u5c06\u5206\u522b\u63a5\u53d7\u5230 10%\u300130\uff05\u300160\uff05\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f4e\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u968f\u673a\u5747\u8861\uff08Random\uff09\uff1a\u628a\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6743\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u5747\u8861\uff08Weighted Random\uff09\uff1a\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6743\u91cd\u8f6e\u5faa\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u62c5\u65f6\u662f\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u5747\u8861\uff08Response Time\uff09\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a2\u6d4b\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Ping\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u5404\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u63a2\u6d4b\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6700\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5747\u8861\uff08Least Connection\uff09\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u505c\u7559\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u52a0\u957f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8f6e\u5faa\u6216\u968f\u673a\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u9700\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5f53\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u5747\u8861\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u66f4\u52a0\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u957f\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982 FTP\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5747\u8861\uff1a\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u628a\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u8d1f\u8377\uff08\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668 CPU \u578b\u53f7\u3001CPU \u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u7b49\u6362\u7b97\u800c\u6210\uff09\u6700\u8f7b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e86\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u7b2c\u4e03\u5c42\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff09\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
DNS \u54cd\u5e94\u5747\u8861\uff08Flash DNS\uff09\uff1a\u5728 Internet \u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f HTTP\u3001FTP \u6216\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u6765\u627e\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u786e\u5207\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u5904\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u6536\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u628a\u6b64\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u6210\u5404\u81ea\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff08\u5373\u4e0e\u6b64\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff09\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5219\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u4ee5\u6700\u5148\u6536\u5230\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790 IP \u5730\u5740\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u5176\u5b83\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u79cd\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u672c\u5730\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u628a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53bb\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u67d0\u6bb5\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4f9d\u7136\u628a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u5f15\u5411\u90a3\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u52bf\u5fc5\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u5e94\u6709\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u80fd\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n
Ping \u4fa6\u6d4b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 ping \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u5927\u81f4\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u68c0\u6d4b\u5c31\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
TCP Open \u4fa6\u6d4b\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u653e\u67d0\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a TCP \u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u5982 Telnet \u7684 23 \u53e3\uff0cHTTP \u7684 80 \u53e3\u7b49\uff09\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u653e\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n
HTTP URL \u4fa6\u6d4b\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u5411 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9 main.html \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20<\/h2>\n
\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u9664\u53d7\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53bb\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u8d2d\u7269\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5b50\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u663e\u7684\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u662f\u6839\u636e IP \u5730\u5740\u628a\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u662f\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 cookie \u5185\u505a\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u6765\u628a\u591a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7f51\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8def\u5f84\u5916\u8fd4\u56de\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Out of Path Return\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f15\u5411\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5373\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u53d7\u5e76\u8f6c\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u62c5\u5c31\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u5757\u865a\u62df\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176 IP \u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u7684 VIP\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u987a\u5229\u7684\u8fbe\u6210\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b<\/p>\n
5.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5b9e\u65bd\u8981\u7d20<\/h1>\n
\u6027\u80fd<\/h2>\n
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\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/h2>\n
IT \u6280\u672f\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u8bb8\u5df2\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1b\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cf\u7684\u6025\u901f\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5747\u8861\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5e94\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u80fd\u5747\u8861\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u80fd\u5747\u8861 HTTP\u3001\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u3001\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c Cache \u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b8c\u5168\u900f\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a8\u6001\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n
\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/h2>\n
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\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/h2>\n
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\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u6027<\/h2>\n
\u7ba1\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5747\u8861\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5dee\u9519\u3002\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n
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\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u63a5\u53e3\uff08GUI\uff1aGraphical User Interfaces\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e\u666e\u901a web \u9875\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u901a\u8fc7 Java Applet \u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7aef\u5b89\u88c5\u6709\u67d0\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1b<\/p>\n
SNMP\uff08Simple Network Management Protocol\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5bf9\u7b26\u5408 SNMP \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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